Descriptive statistics are often the first statistical tools used in research analysis. Their purpose is not to test hypotheses or draw conclusions about populations, but to summarize and organize data in a meaningful way. In social science and management research, descriptive statistics help researchers understand what the data look like before moving toward interpretation or…

Understanding the type of data used in a study is a foundational requirement for effective research design and data analysis. In social science and management research, data types influence how information is collected, how it can be analyzed, and how findings should be interpreted. This article explains the major types of data used in research,…